第7回Future Earth in Asiaセミナー

“Including Future Generations in Discussions on Sustainability”

本セミナーでは、将来世代が人類の未来に対して持つ意義について、概念的基盤を概観するとともに、市場主義と民主主義が将来世代との関わりにおいてもつ課題を論じ、どうすれば自然環境などホリスティックな資産について異なる世代の意見を反映した民主的な意思決定を行うことができるかを考察します。また、一つの対応策として、仮想将来世代を意思決定の過程に導入する「Future Design」の枠組みを紹介します。さらに、岩手県矢巾町における“Future Design”の初の実施事例を紹介し、今後の実導入に向けた課題を検討します。

日 時
2016年3月25日(金) 13:30 - 17:15
場 所
総合地球環境学研究所 セミナー室1・2(⇒アクセス
主 催
総合地球環境学研究所 Future Earth推進室
使用言語
英語
連絡先
Future Earth推進室 E-mail
申込不要

++プログラム++

  1. 13:30 - 14:15 安部 浩 京都大学大学院人間・環境学研究科 准教授
  2. “Why do we owe a duty to future generations?”

  3. 14:15 - 15:00 Matthias Fritsch  Concordia University教授(哲学)
  4. “Democratic representation and future people”

  5. 15:00 - 15:15 Break
  6. 15:15 - 16:00 西條辰義 一橋大学経済研究所 教授
  7. “Future Design”

  8. 16:00 - 16:45 原 圭史郎 大阪大学環境イノベーションデザインセンター特任准教授
  9. “Future Design - Deliberation by creating virtual future generations”

  10. 16:45 - 17:15 ディスカッション

発表者の略歴と発表要旨

  • Prof. Hiroshi Abe
  • Hiroshi Abe is Associate Professor of Philosophy and Logic at the Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, in Kyoto, Japan. In 1999 he received his PhD in philosophy from Kyoto University. In 2011-12, he was a research fellow of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation. His publications include “From Symbiosis (kyôsei) to the Ontology of ‘Arising Both from Oneself and from Another (gûshô)’” in Environmental Philosophy in Asian Traditions of Thought (SUNY Press, 2014) and “Umweltethik im modernen Japan [Environmental ethics in modern Japan]” in Begriff und Bild der modernen japanischen Philosophie (frommann-holzboog, 2014).

  • “Why do we owe a duty to future generations?”
  • In this presentation, unlike the majority of environmental scientists and specialists, I would not like to talk about how to protect future generations, but why we should care about them. This is because, if there were no good reason for justifying our responsibility towards them, i. e. if we did not necessarily have to owe future people, then all of the how-to researches on protection of them would not make sense fundamentally. Hence, I shall critically review some significant arguments that try to lay, albeit respectively in different ways, the philosophical groundwork for mankind’s existence in the future.

  • Prof. Matthias Fritsch
  • Matthias Fritsch is Professor of Philosophy at Concordia University, Montréal. He has published a monograph (The Promise of Memory), a range of articles in scholarly journals, co-edited two anthologies, and translated authors such as Heidegger, Gadamer, and Habermas into English. He has been a Humboldt Fellow in Frankfurt and at present is Visiting Research Professor at Kyoto University, where he is working on a book manuscript (for which he has been awarded federal Canadian funding) on intergenerational ethics and politics. A second project develops a concept of deconstructive normativity in relation to metaethics, biopolitics, and environmental philosophy.

  • “Democratic representation and future people”
  • This presentation will review various proposals that have been made by political theorists as to how best to represent future people in democratic decision-making. Before this review, I will discuss the reasons for holding that liberal-capitalist democracies are inherently presentist, that is, favour the currently living at the expense of the mid- to long-term future. I will then present some ideas of my own as to how to reconceive democratic institutions in the face of increasing responsibilities for future people. These ideas revolve around the idea of taking turns among generations with holistic and encompassing legacies, such as traditions, institutions, and natural environments.

  • Prof. Tatsuyoshi Saijo
  • Tatsuyoshi Saijo is a Professor at the Institute Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University. He was a Professor in the Research Institute for Future Design, Kochi University of Technology and a Professor at the Institute Social and Economic Research, Osaka University. He received a Ph.D. (Economics) from the University of Minnesota. He is specialized in Institutional Design and Public Economics. He advocates for "Future Design," which incorporates "imaginary future generations” in the design of current and future social systems. He explores the theory and is engaging with the experiment and practice for the "Future Design."

  • “Future Design”
  • There are two main pillars in our society. One of them is the market system. It is an excellent device that realizes our desires in the short-run. However, it does not allocate resources with the interests of future generations in mind. Democracy is another pillar that is supposed to compensate the faults of the market, but it too is a mechanism that benefits the current generation without regard for future generations. Because future generations do not exist now, the current generation cannot hear their voices. Furthermore, since we are by nature myopic and optimistic, we cannot conduct decision making that sufficiently takes account of future generations. In this way, the current generation remorselessly deprives the resources that could have been utilized by future generations. Coping with this important issue, we propose a new framework called "Future Design" including introducing "imaginary future generations" in our society. I will show some experimental results and rel ated research areas.

  • Prof. Keishiro Hara
  • Keishiro HARA is an associate professor at the Center for Environmental Innovation Design for Sustainability at Osaka University. He works on sustainability science and environmental management, both in a local and global context. Most recently, he has been engaged in projects and research related to “Future Design.” He is the principal investigator of project “Planning and Research for Future Design Method: Deliberation with Virtual Future Generations” (FY2015), supported by Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), RISTEX. He holds bachelor in Engineering and Ph.D. in Environmental Studies, both from the University of Tokyo.

  • “Future Design - Deliberation by creating virtual future generations”
  • My talk will briefly introduce the first attempt of participatory deliberation under the concept of Future Design, which has been carried out in a local municipality in Japan over the past year. In the Future Design concept, present generations and virtual future generations who are tasked to represent and speak for future generations are to negotiate to overcome conflicts over priorities and values. I will present some of the preliminary results obtained from the deliberation processes in Yahaba town of Iwate prefecture, in which groups of present generations and virtual future generation first came up with ideas for vision settings for Yahaba town in 2060 individually and both groups then attempted to negotiate to overcome possible conflicts. A stark contrast was observed between the groups particularly with regards to the way of thinking and priorities in values. Though such deliberation practices have just begun and accumulation of case studies are awaited, I will discuss some implication derived from the practices in Yahaba town to develop the concept and implementation of Future Design in real world.

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