The cycle of scientific knowledge to societal implementation adopted in this study

Climate change has profoundly affected terrestrial and marine ecosystems, human migration, settlement, human lifestyle, and civilization. Recent economic development, population growth, and globalization could trigger societal vulnerability, perhaps leading to simplifying lifestyles. This research compares high-resolution coral records with archeological-historical records to reconstruct historical global climate change and catastrophic environmental events that influenced past social vulnerability. Project research will estimate the impact of future environmental change on human society and suggest sustainable frameworks and lifestyles.