Vanishing Tropical Forest in Southeast Asia. Deforestation is believed to be a significant source of carbon emission. (Sarawak, Malaysia, 2008)

In this study we conceptualize the recent emergence of carbon market as a process of “securitization of nature”; an advanced version of the “commoditization of nature”. Taking examples of various commercialization processes, especially politico-economic frameworks (i.e. emissions trading and REDD-plus) designed to establish “low-carbon” societies, this study explores the historical origin and mechanism of “securitization”, as well as the impact of such schemes on society and nature. Methodologically, we synthesize the following four levels of research: knowledge, technology, policy, and actual impact.