2010年度第1回イリプロジェクト講演会

「民族/国家の交錯と生業変化を軸とした環境史の解明−中央ユーラシア半乾燥域の変遷」プロジェクト(イリプロジェクト)では、「2010年度第1回イリプロジェクト講演会」を開催いたします。

皆様のご参加をお待ちしております。

日  時: 2010年11月4日(木)15:00−17:00
場  所:

総合地球環境学研究所セミナー室3・4 アクセス

講  師: Prof. Nick Aladin(Zoological Institute of RAS, St. Petersburg, Russia)
タイトル: Unique biological resources and unique biodiversity of the Caspian Sea at present and in the past
要 旨:
The Caspian Sea is the world's largest lake and one of the most ancient lakes. It is the remnant of Paratethys. The whole Caspian area can be divided by three parts differing in hydrology. An important feature great diversity of physico-chemical conditions. Salinity differs in different parts of the lake. Recent biodiversity reflects the story of Palaeo-Caspian transgressions and regressions followed by freshening and salinization. Four main components form the present biodiversity of the Caspian Sea: Caspian, Arctic, Atlantic and Mediterranean, fresh-water. Biodiversity began increase after building the Volga-Don canal due to invasions with boat ballast water or in biofouling. At the end of the 20th century ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi has invaded the Caspian Sea. In 2000 it was numerous in the Middle and Southern and appeared in the Northern Caspian. Due to recent Mnemiopsis invasion we have a great risk for Caspian Sea ecosystem. This organism could harvest nearly all plankton and due to this all ecosystem could collapse. In waters of Azerbaijan nearly all endemic Onychopoda already disappeared because of predation. Introduction of Beroe ovata to prevent catastrophe is discussed. Recent environmental problems in the Caspian Sea are also discussed. There are detected the following threats: pollution due to oil and gas excavation and transportation, agricultural activities, industrial activities, military activities; exotic species introduction; overfishing and pouching; rivers regulation; sea level fluctuation; climate change, etc. Future perspectives of improving Caspian Sea environment including expected future development of fisheries, industry, agriculture, recreation and other activities are discussed.
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渡邊三津子
アドレス
大学共同利用機関法人 人間文化研究機構
総合地球環境学研究所
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